How does organic matter in soil affect its ability to hold water and pesticides?

Organic matter in soil plays a crucial role in enhancing the soil's structure and its ability to retain both water and pesticides. When organic matter decomposes, it forms humus, which has a high capacity to hold moisture. This increased water retention is due to the porous nature of organic matter, which allows it to absorb and store significant amounts of water.

Furthermore, organic matter also contributes to a soil's cation exchange capacity, allowing it to hold onto positively charged nutrient ions and pesticides. Consequently, pesticides can be adsorbed onto the organic matter, reducing their mobility through the soil profile and minimizing the risk of leaching into groundwater. This means that the presence of organic matter not only helps to retain water but also serves to enhance the retention of adsorbed pesticides.

In summary, organic matter enriches the soil's physical and chemical properties, leading to improved water and pesticide retention, making it an essential component for healthy soil management practices.