What is a temperature inversion?

A temperature inversion occurs when the normal temperature gradient in the atmosphere is reversed, meaning that air at ground level is cooler than the air above it. This phenomenon often happens during the night when the ground cools rapidly, causing the air directly above the ground to also cool. However, the air layers higher up remain warmer, creating a stable layer of cool air trapped beneath warmer air.

This situation is significant in the context of environmental science and agriculture, as temperature inversions can lead to the trapping of pollutants and pesticides close to the ground, affecting air quality and crop health. Inversions can also impact weather patterns, as they can suppress cloud formation and precipitation.

The other choices do not accurately describe temperature inversions. The first choice describes a scenario that does not typically occur in a stable atmosphere. The third option implies there is no variation in temperature with altitude, which contradicts the concept of a temperature inversion. The last choice suggests a rapid rise of heat, which is more typical of a stable atmosphere and not associated with inversion conditions.