What is the saturated zone?

The saturated zone refers to a specific subsurface area where all the spaces between soil particles or rock fractures are fully occupied by water. This means that groundwater exists in this zone and there is no room left for air, which distinguishes it from the unsaturated zone above, where some spaces may contain air.

The term is particularly relevant in groundwater studies and environmental science, as understanding the characteristics of the saturated zone is crucial for managing water resources, assessing groundwater quality, and determining the behavior of contaminants in the subsurface environment. It is significant for agricultural practices and landscape management since the saturated zone influences water availability for crops and natural vegetation.

In contrast, layers described as dry and arid, boundaries between soil and air, or those that are less permeable to water do not represent the concept of saturation, which specifically relates to the complete filling of pore spaces with water.